Changes for page Presentations
Last modified by Lizzie Bruce on 2020/01/11 23:39
From 3.1 to 2.3
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... ... @@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ 2 2 ((( 3 3 Following this helps: 4 4 5 -* (% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people with visual impairments **(% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)– minimal, concise, readable text in a large font is easily to see 6 -* (% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people who are blind**(% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) – describing your slide content makes it accessible without sight 7 -* (% style="background-color:#f5f5f5; color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people with hearing impairments**(% style="background-color:#f5f5f5; color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) – live captioning can make speech accessible without hearing 8 -* (% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people with cognitive impairments**(% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) – slide content in clear language reduces cognitive load 9 -* (% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people with anxiety**(% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) – clear information, slow pace and repeated questions reduces anxiety about not following 10 -* (% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)**people who are not fluent in English**(% style="color:#333333; font-family:Arial; font-size:13.5pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) – simple language, without complicated expressions or metaphors, is easier to understand 5 +* **people using mobiles ** 6 +* **people using tablets** 7 +* **people using laptops and desktop computers** 8 +* **people with visual impairments** 11 11 ))) 12 12 13 13 == == ... ... @@ -14,285 +14,114 @@ 14 14 15 15 == Guidance == 16 16 17 - Minimal,clear content and alternativeformatswillmake yourpresentation more inclusive.15 +2 liner summary 18 18 19 -[[1. Keep text minimal.>>doc:||anchor="#1"]] 20 20 21 -[[ 2.Usefewerslidesnot more slides.>>doc:||anchor="#2"]]18 +[[1. Minimise the amount of text and number of slides.>>doc:||anchor="#1"]] 22 22 23 -[[ 3.Keep bullet pointsshort.>>doc:||anchor="#3"]]20 +[[2. Avoid multiple bullet points.>>doc:||anchor="#2"]] 24 24 25 -[[ 4.Varyyourpresentationstyle.>>doc:||anchor="#4"]]22 +[[3. Include a variety of communication methods.>>doc:||anchor="#3"]] 26 26 27 -[[ 5.Uselarge font sizes.>>doc:||anchor="#5"]]24 +[[4. Test content with people using mobiles.>>doc:||anchor="#4"]] 28 28 29 - [[6.Use good visual contrast.>>doc:||anchor="#6"]]26 +Use good visual contrast. 30 30 31 - [[7. Makegraphs and infographicslarge,clear andsimple.>>doc:||anchor="#7"]]28 +Use large fonts. 32 32 33 - [[8. Donotuse manyGIFsand animations.>>doc:||anchor="#8"]]30 +Use alt text for images on slide decks that are distributed outside of the talk. 34 34 35 - [[9. Use captionsforvideocontent.>>doc:||anchor="#9"]]32 +Call out all visual elements on your slides and in the space you are presenting in. 36 36 37 - [[10. Use alttext forlidedecks distributedafter, or independentlyfrom, the talk. >>doc:||anchor="#10"]]34 +Don't over-use Gifs and animations. 38 38 36 +Consider using a live captioning service. 39 39 40 - [[11. Considerusingalivecaptioning service.>>doc:||anchor="#11"]]38 +Repeat questions from the audience 41 41 42 - [[12. Consider usinga signlanguageservice.>>doc:||anchor="#12"]]40 +Speak slowly and clearly 43 43 44 - [[13.Testyourequipment.>>doc:||anchor="#13"]]42 +Pause at the start of each slide, then read out the text 45 45 46 - [[14. Makesureeveryone can move aroundtheroom.>>doc:||anchor="#14"]]44 +Face your audience 47 47 46 +Use a mic. Test all audio equipment before the talk. 48 48 49 - [[15.Speakslowly and clearly.>>doc:||anchor="#15"]]48 +Don't use pointers on your slides. 50 50 51 -[[ 16. Describe visualelementsof slides.>>doc:||anchor="#16"]]50 +[[Usability evidence>>doc:||anchor="#UEMD"]] 52 52 53 -[[17. Describe visual elements in the room, and silent reactions from participants.>>doc:||anchor="#17"]] 54 54 55 -[[18. Pause at the start of each slide.>>doc:||anchor="#18"]] 56 - 57 -[[19. Pause between slides.>>doc:||anchor="#19"]] 58 - 59 -[[20. Face your audience.>>doc:||anchor="#20"]] 60 - 61 - 62 -[[21. Do not user presentation pointers.>>doc:||anchor="#21"]] 63 - 64 -[[22. Use a microphone.>>doc:||anchor="#22"]] 65 - 66 -[[23. Repeat questions from the audience.>>doc:||anchor="#23"]] 67 - 68 -[[24. Consider providing alternative channels for audience questions.>>doc:||anchor="#24"]] 69 - 70 -[[Usability evidence>>doc:||anchor="#UEP"]] 71 - 72 - 73 73 ---- 74 74 75 -=== {{id name="#1"/}}1. Keeptextminimal. ===55 +=== {{id name="#1"/}}1. Minimise the amount of text and number of slides. === 76 76 77 - (% style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;white-space:pre-wrap" %)1 sentencesummarisingeachpointyoumake.Maximum7 wordsfor eachline.Thiswillincreasereadability.And keeping the text to a minimum allows audience to follow the speaker, not the slide.57 +Try summarising each point you want to make in 1 sentence. And make the text on each line no more than 7 words: this is optimal for readability. Keeping the text to a minimum allows audience to follow the speaker, not the slide. When you create your slide content, consider people who'll photograph them to refer to or share later. 78 78 79 - (% style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt;font-style:normal; font-variant:normal;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;white-space:pre-wrap"%)Considerpeoplewho photograph slidestodigestlater: makesurepointsmakesense outof contextofthespokencontent.59 +Too many slides can be distracting. On average we only remember around 20% of what we are presented with. Why make it harder? 80 80 81 81 82 -=== {{id name="#2"/}}2. Usefewer slides,notmore slides. ===62 +=== {{id name="#2"/}}2. Avoid multiple bullet points. === 83 83 84 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" %) 85 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Too many slides are distracting. And on average we only remember around 20% of what we are presented with. Why make it harder? 64 +They're great for organising but bad for presenting, as it's harder to absorb and remember multiple points from a presentation slide at a time. Consider 1 image or point for each slide. 86 86 87 87 88 -=== {{id name="#3"/}}3. Keepbulletpointsshort. ===67 +=== {{id name="#3"/}}3. Include a variety of communication styles. === 89 89 90 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Bullet points are not universally agreed to be user-friendly for presentations. (%%) 91 -\\(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Make sure they at least follow the same rules as your other slide content: no more than 7 words on each line and large font. Consider presenting 1 concept on each slide. 69 +People will be more likely to absorb and remember content from your presentation if you use a range of methods, for example: visual, textual, speech. 92 92 71 +=== {{id name="#4"/}}4. Test content with people using mobiles. === 93 93 94 - ==={{id name="#4"/}}4.Varyyourpresentation style.===73 +Find out how they interpret and interact with the content. Did you write something that can be understood in different ways? Did anyone use their mobile in ways you did not expect? 95 95 96 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Pause, ask questions, walk around. Consider including an interactive element or activity in your presentation or talk. This helps your audience stay attentive, as they will be changing between different learning methods. 97 97 98 98 99 - ==={{idname="#5"/}}5.Uselargefont sizes.===77 +Use good visual contrast 3:1 - various tools to check this. Powerpoint has tools built in. 100 100 101 - (%style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none;white-space:pre-wrap" %)Your presentation text needs to be easily read from the back of the room.Neveruseasmallerntsize than36ptandchoose non-serif.79 +Use large fonts. Text needs to be easily read from the back of the room - 36pt minimum, use non-serif of a size larger than you might think - sit as far away from the screen and squint to test. 102 102 103 - ===(%style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:14pt;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap"%)Choose a sizelargerhanyoumight think,thensitfaraway fromthescreenandsquint to test.AtContentDesignLondonweusefontsizeofminimum 60pt.This makesitveryeasytod.(%%)===81 +Use alt text for slide decks that are distributed outside of the talk. Regardless, explain all images regardless of how obvious you think they are including context, reference to source material etc. Describe pertinent parts of graphics, videos, and other visuals. Describe them to the extent needed to understand the presentation. (You usually do not need to describe decorative images.). 104 104 83 +Remember when asking for people to raise their hands you need to describe the reaction.When using graphs describe the most important point which the graph demonstrates, make sure all labels are as large as possible. twice as large as you think they should be! Avoid 3D graphs - harder to read. Don't use pie charts - hard to read. 105 105 106 - ==={{idname="#6"/}}6.Usegoodvisual contrast.===85 +Don't over-use Gifs and animations - can be distracting especially if they loop, always explain what is happening. Having explanations of video content at the ready also mitigates for them not loading or playing properly. 107 107 108 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Various online tools are available to check this, and Powerpoint has built in tools.(%%) 109 -\\(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)WCAG 2.1 recommends 3:1 for large-scale text and images of large-scale text. This applies to text on presentation slides.(%%) 110 - 87 +Use captions for video content. 111 111 112 - === {{id name="#7"/}}7.Makegraphs andinfographics large,clearandsimple.===89 +Consider using a live captioning service for all of your spoken content. Allowing for the time it takes to translate. Auto captioning by Google or Powerpoint requires a good internet connection and is not nearly as accurate as a dedicated live caption service. 113 113 114 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 115 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Make sure any graphic content in your presentation can be seen from the back of the room. It may need to be larger than you think. Check that labels are in clear language and large font. 91 +Repeat questions from the audience, not everyone will hear the question, which makes the answer unintelligible. 116 116 117 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 118 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Avoid 3D graphs and pie charts, these are hard to read. 93 +speak slowly and clearly - this helps with interpreter / lip readers / 2nd language / cognitive impairments. Your delivery will seem slower than it is if you are nervous: slow down. Sign language interpretation means that someone who needs this can only focus on one thing at a time (presenter, interpreter, or slide) and translation takes time so allow for this when referring to slides. Pause between slides - give people time to process the information. 119 119 120 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 121 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Avoid including complex graphs to convey information. Explain information about the data simply, introducing 1 piece of information at a time. This reduces cognitive load for your audience. 95 +Pause at the start of each slide to allow for deaf and hard of hearing to read it. Then start by reading it for the blind or partially sighted. 122 122 97 +Face your audience, as close as possible - helps especially with lip-readers, but we all have less cognitive load when we can see the face of the person speaking. 123 123 124 - ==={{id name="#8"/}}8.Donot use manyGIFs andanimations.===99 +Use a mic. Some assistive tech will require it. For example: ALDs/hearing loops and remote CART writers. 125 125 126 - (%style="color:#000000;font-family:Arial;font-size:14pt; font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;white-space:pre-wrap"%)Thesecanbedistracting,especiallyif theyloop. Alwaysexplainwhatis happening.101 +Take audience questions via a mic so that everyone can hear. Note that asking questions in a crowd can be intimidating and hard for many reasons like disability - consider using alternatives like Slido so people can type their questions. Avoid "Can you hear me OK?" This is not a question everyone will be comfortable replying to. 127 127 103 +Test the amplification, speakers, and mics before the talk. 128 128 129 - === {{idame="#9"/}}9.Usecaptionsforvideocontent.===105 +don't use pointers on your slides - they are distracting 130 130 131 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18.6667px; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This allows deaf attendees to access the information provided through video, if they are able to read. 132 132 133 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Having explanations of video content ready also helps you as a presenter, if they do not load or play properly. 134 134 135 135 136 -=== {{id name="#10"/}}10. Use alt text for slide decks distributed after, or independently from, the talk. === 137 - 138 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)If people will access your slide deck out of context of the talk: 139 - 140 -* (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)include alt text on images and GIFs 141 -* (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)caption video content 142 - 143 - 144 -=== {{id name="#11"/}}11. Consider using a live captioning service. === 145 - 146 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Allow for the time it takes to translate spoken content. Auto captioning by Google or Powerpoint requires a good internet connection and is not as accurate as a dedicated live caption service. 147 - 148 - 149 -=== {{id name="#12"/}}12. Consider using a sign language service. === 150 - 151 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Some audience members may have communicated through sign language from birth. English will be a second language for them if they speak it at all. (%%) 152 -\\(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Including sign language access to your presentation will open your presentation or talk up to another audience segment. However Content Design London was advised that currently there are not enough sign language translators. So be aware of that too, as there may be a greater need for sign language translation at another event happening at the same time. 153 - 154 - 155 -=== {{id name="#13"/}}13. Test your equipment. === 156 - 157 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Make sure these are working as you expect: 158 - 159 -* (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)presentation display contrast – you may have to adjust light levels in the space 160 -* (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)amplification, speakers and microphones – check these are functioning 161 - 162 - 163 -=== {{id name="#14"/}}14. Make sure everyone can move around the room. === 164 - 165 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Check the space is accessible for blind participants who may be using canes to navigate.(%%) === 166 - 167 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Make sure bags and equipment are not a trip hazard. Ask participants to put their bags under their desk or seat. 168 - 169 - 170 -=== {{id name="#15"/}}15. Speak slowly and clearly. === 171 - 172 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Your delivery will seem slower than it is if you are nervous: slow down. (%%) === 173 - 174 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This will allow participants using sign language interpretation to focus on 1 thing at a time: presenter, interpreter, or slide. Translation to sign or live captioning takes time, so allow for this, especially when referring to slides. (%%) === 175 - 176 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Speaking slowly and clearly also makes your spoken content clearer for:(%%) === 177 - 178 -((( 179 -* ((( 180 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)lip readers(%%) === 181 -))) 182 -* (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)people with cognitive impairments 183 -))) 184 - 185 -* ((( 186 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)audience members not fluent in the presentation language(%%) === 187 - 188 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %) 189 -))) 190 - 191 -=== {{id name="#16"/}}16. Describe visual elements of slides. === 192 - 193 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Explain all images. Include context and reference the source material. You do not need to describe purely decorative images. 194 - 195 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Describe graphics, videos and other visuals to the extent needed to understand your presentation. For example explain the important points a graph demonstrates. This will also help participants who find graphs hard to interpret. 196 - 197 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Text is also a visual element of your slide. Make sure what you have as written content on your slide is covered by what you say while you are showing that slide. 198 - 199 - 200 -(% style="line-height: 1.38;" %) 201 -=== {{id name="#17"/}}17. Describe visual elements in the room, and silent reaction from participants. === 202 - 203 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 204 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)If, for example, you say something is “the height of that table” add that the table is about 1 metre high, or however high it is. 205 - 206 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)If 1 of the participants has a reaction during a group discussion that sighted participants can notice, describe this, for example “Louisa is nodding.” 207 - 208 - 209 -=== {{id name="#18"/}}18. Pause at the start of each slide. === 210 - 211 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This allows deaf people and people without full hearing to read it, before lip-reading or reading the live captions of what you say. 212 - 213 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Similarly, it allows people who can read to read what is on the slide in full and not miss the first thing you say because they are still reading. 214 - 215 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This is particularly helpful for people with cognitive impairments who may find it very difficult to understand 2 different things at the same time. 216 - 217 - 218 -=== {{id name="#19"/}}19. Pause between slides. === 219 - 220 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 221 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This gives people time to process the information. 222 - 223 - 224 -(% style="line-height: 1.38;" %) 225 -=== {{id name="#20"/}}20. Face your audience. === 226 - 227 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 228 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)This especially helps participants who are lip-reading, but we all have less cognitive load when we can see the face of the person speaking. 229 - 230 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Try to stand as close to the audience as possible. Move around the space if you can so that people have as equal as possible an experience. 231 - 232 - 233 -=== {{id name="#21"/}}21. Do not user presentation pointers. === 234 - 235 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)They are distracting. Let audience members absorb the material you present at their own pace. 236 - 237 - 238 -(% style="line-height: 1.38;" %) 239 -=== {{id name="#22"/}}22. Use a microphone. === 240 - 241 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 242 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Some assistive tech requires it. For example: ALDs/hearing loops and remote CART writers. 243 - 244 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Avoid "Can you hear me OK?" This is not a question everyone will be comfortable replying to. 245 - 246 - 247 -=== {{id name="#23"/}}23. Repeat questions from the audience. === 248 - 249 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Take audience questions using a microphone, so that everyone can hear.(%%) === 250 - 251 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Even with a microphone, it’s possible not everyone will hear or understand the question. This could be because the question is phrased in a complex way. Or the person has a strong accent, or is not speaking loudly and clearly enough for everyone to understand, even with the microphone.(%%) === 252 - 253 -=== (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)When asking for people to raise their hands, describe the reaction. For example, “Ahh, we have about 5 people with their hands up. Let’s start with the man at the back in the green jumper.”(%%) === 254 - 255 - 256 -=== {{id name="#24"/}}24. Consider providing alternative channels for audience questions. === 257 - 258 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Asking questions in a crowd can be intimidating. It can be an access challenge. Be respectful of this. Be patient: do not rush or pressurise anyone. Allow them to ask their question in their own style. 259 - 260 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Consider alternatives like Slido, an application that allows people to type and post their questions to the presenter. 261 - 262 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Give everyone a chance, try not to let 1 audience member dominate the question and answer session. 263 - 264 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)If there are no questions, politely thank your audience and finish. 265 - 266 - 267 267 ---- 268 268 269 269 == 270 -{{id name="#UE P"/}}Usability evidence ==113 +{{id name="#UEMD"/}}Usability evidence == 271 271 272 - [[Accessible Writing Guide>>http://www.sigaccess.org/welcome-to-sigaccess/resources/accessible-writing-guide/]] (% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Anna Cavender, ShariTrewin, Vicki Hanson, SigAccess: Special Interest Group on AccessibleComputing, 2015115 +Sig Access Accessibile Writing Guide [[http:~~/~~/www.sigaccess.org/welcome-to-sigaccess/resources/accessible-writing-guide/>>url:http://www.sigaccess.org/welcome-to-sigaccess/resources/accessible-writing-guide/]] 273 273 274 - (%style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[How tomakeyourpresentationsaccessible toall>>https://www.w3.org/WAI/teach-advocate/accessible-presentations/]], W3.org, (% style="background-color:#ffffff; color:#222222; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)World WideWeb Consortium, May 2018117 +W3C How to Make Your Presentations Accessible to All [[https:~~/~~/www.w3.org/WAI/teach-advocate/accessible-presentations/#basics-for-organizers~~-~~-speakers>>url:https://www.w3.org/WAI/teach-advocate/accessible-presentations/#basics-for-organizers--speakers]] 275 275 276 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[PowerPoint Accessibility>>https://webaim.org/techniques/powerpoint/]], WebAIM, 2019 277 - 278 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[Running Accessible Meetings and Events>>https://medium.com/age-of-awareness/running-accessible-meetings-and-events-5efcd9c4a3df ]], Sheri Byrne-Haber, CPACC Certified Accessibility professional, March 2019. We acknowledge Medium.com is not wholly accessible and will update this link if we find the article available in an alternative format. 279 - 280 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[The Use of Visualization in the Communication of Business Strategies: An Experimental Evaluation>>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2329488414525444]], (% style="background-color:#ffffff; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)Sebastian Kernbach, Martin J. Eppler, Sabrina Bresciani, 2014. Paywall: need account or pay download cost to access. 281 - 282 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[Guidelines to PowerPoint Presentations: online PDF>>https://www.rnib.org.uk/sites/default/files/WBU%20visual%20presentations%20guidelines.pdf ]], World Blind Union, 2017, hosted on RNIB website 283 - 284 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[Guidelines to PowerPoint Presentations: download PDF>>http://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/resources/world-blind-union-guidelines-powerpoint-presentations ]], World Blind Union, 2017, International Disability Alliance website 285 - 286 -(% style="line-height:1.38" %) 287 -(% style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[5 Strategies for Presenting UX Remotely>>5 Strategies for Presenting UX Remotely||anchor="https://www.nngroup.com/articles/presenting-remotely/"]], Sarah Gibbons, NNg Nielson Norman Group, 2017. Tips on making remote presentations more human and usable: some apply to on-site presentations too and reinforce other evidence we’ve collected. 288 - 289 -(% style="color:#0b0c0c; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:400; text-decoration:none; white-space:pre-wrap" %)[[Doing the hard work to make talks readable>>https://gds.blog.gov.uk/2016/05/10/doing-the-hard-work-to-make-talks-readable/ ]], Giles Turnbull, Government Digital Service blog, 2016 290 - 291 - 292 292 (% class="box" %) 293 293 ((( 294 294 See also: 295 295 296 296 * [[Plain English>>doc:Plain English.Plain English, simple sentences.WebHome]] 297 -* [[Simple sentences>>Simple sentences]]124 +* Simple sentences 298 298 )))